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Recommended Reading List
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No.
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Title
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Author
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Publisher
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Spec pop
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Year
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1
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Minority Health Status in Adulthood: The middle years of life
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LaVeist, T. A.
Bowie, J. V.
Cooley-Quile, M.
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Health Care Financing Review, 21(4), 9-21.
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General
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2000
Summer
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The objective of this article is to describe the racial and ethnic differences in health status during the "middle years" of life. We use data from National Vital Statistics Reports (Hoyert, Kochanek, and Murphy, 1999) to estimate excess mortality among racial and ethnic minority groups for the leading causes of death among adults. Also discussed are the current state of scholarships in minority health and suggestions for future directions for research on racial and ethnic differences in health status. |
2
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Health of America's Newcomers
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Smith, L. S.
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Journal of Community Health Nursing, 18(1). 53-68
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International
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2001
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Newcomer health and health care are policy issues with major outcomes of cost shifting and enormous consequences for newcomers and the community health nurses who promise them care. Newcomers are persons entering U.S. borders who could be asylees, refugees, immigrants, legal or illegal aliens, migrants, international adoptees, and others. Described in this article is the role federalism has played on the interplay among policymakers regarding newcomer health. Also addressed are newcomer health policy, including immigration policies, and newcomer health issues such as infectious diseases and questionable health care. Additional newcomer health issues, such as newcomers at high risk for health problems, issues of access to care for newcomers, and welfare reform policies, are discussed. Newcomer health and special interest group activities, such as those from medicine and nursing, are also addressed. Finally, meaningful options and possible solutions for newcomer health care concerns are identified and shared. |
3
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Cultural Factors in Preventive Care: Latinos
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Diaz, V. A.
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Prim Care Clin Office Pract, 29, 503-517
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Latino/a
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2002
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For many, the term "Hispanic" places undue emphasis on the European influence of Spanish colonialism and may even have negative connotations for some. "Latino" is a more encompassing term that gives recognition to the influences of the indigenous and African cultures on modern day Latin Americans. Nevertheless, recognition of typical Latino attitudes and beliefs may assist health care providers. Poverty, unemployment, and low level of education usually account for adverse health in this population. Anti-immigrant sentiment and discrimination in health care and education add adversity to the immigrant's experience. Lack of health insurance and access to quality health care typically plague the adult immigrant. For many, the nearest emergency department is their only source of medical care. |
4
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Cultural Factors in Preventive Care: Asian- Americans
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Au, C.
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Prim Care Clin Office Pract, 29, 495-502
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Asian American
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2002
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The Asian-American population in the United States continues to grow rapidly. In 1990, there were 6.6 million Asian Americans in this country, representing 2.7% of the population. The 2000 Census showed the Asian population has grown to 10.1 million, now 3.6% of the population. A breakdown of the major ethnic groups revealed: Chinese 24%, Filipino 18%, Asian-Indians 16%, Vietnamese 11%, Koreans 10%, and Japanese 8%. According to the 1990 Census, 66% of the Asian-American population was foreign-born, 40% reported that they do not speak English 'very-well', and 25% were in linguistically isolated households. Due to the differences in their ethnic background, language barriers, cultural beliefs, socioeconomic status and distrust in Western medicine, providing care to this population constitutes a formidable challenge for primary care clinicians. |
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Cultural Factors in Preventive Care: African- Americans
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Witt, D. Brawer, R.
Plumb, J.
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Prim Care Clin Office Pract, 29, 487-493
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African American
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2002
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The implications for healthcare practitioners in caring for African American patients in a culturally sensitive manner include: gaining trust, understanding the historical distrust of the health care system, understanding and employing the kinship web in decisions regarding screening and treatment, involving the church in developing and delivering prevention and care messages, asking patients about the meaning of words or phrases, asking patients about the use of alternative medicines and herbs, tailoring messages about prevention to depictions of real life situations, and paying attention to body language and other nonverbal communication. |
6
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Help-seeking Behaviors of Blacks and Whites Dying from Coronary Heart Disease
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Frayne, S. M. Crawford, S. L. McGraw, S. A. Smith, K. W. McKinlay, J. B.
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Ethn Health, 7(2), 77-86.
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African American
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2002
May
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This study sought to determine whether blacks and whites with life-threatening cardiac events differ in likelihood of help seeking, types of help sought, or likelihood of reaching the hospital before death. DESIGN: Death certificates were used to identify all coronary heart disease-related deaths occurring in 1988-89 among 45- to 74-year-old, black and white, non-institutionalized residents of three contiguous inner-city districts in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. An informant was interviewed about the decedent's health status, access to care and pre-mortal help-seeking behaviors. RESULTS: Among the 232 decedents analyzed, there were no racial differences in the likelihood of help seeking. Among those who sought help, there were no racial differences in the likelihood of reaching the hospital. However, blacks were more likely than whites to engage in two specific help-seeking behaviors: calling the 911 emergency system, and trying to reach an emergency room. CONCLUSION: In an area where blacks and whites were similar with respect to socioeconomic status and access to care, race did not affect the likelihood of help seeking or the likelihood of succeeding in reaching the hospital before death. |
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Social Support among African-American Adults with Diabetes, Part 2: A review
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Ford, M. E.
Tilley, B. C.
McDonald, P. E.
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J Natl Med Assoc. 90(7), 425-32.
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African American
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1998
July
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Diabetes mellitus affects African Americans in disproportionate numbers relative to whites. Proper management of this disease is critical because of the increased morbidity and mortality associated with poor diabetes management. The role of social support in promoting diabetes management and improved glycemic control among African Americans is a little-explored area. This review, the second in a two-part series, examines the relationship between social support and glycemic control among African-American adults with diabetes. The main findings of the study are that African Americans tend to rely more heavily than whites on their informal social networks to meet their disease management needs and that social support is significantly associated with improved diabetes management among members of this population. However, there remains a critical need to systematically include substantial numbers of African-American respondents in studies examining the relationship between social support and glycemic control. Only then can the effects of age, gender, socioeconomic status, and other variables on this relationship in African Americans become clear and interventions incorporating relevant aspects of social support be developed. |
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Cultural Differences in End-of-life Care
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Vincent, J. L.
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Crit Care Med. 29(2 Suppl):N52-5.
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General
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2001
Feb
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The exact time of death for many intensive care unit patients is increasingly preceded by an end-of-life decision. Such decisions are fraught with ethical, religious, moral, cultural, and legal difficulties. Key questions surrounding this issue include the difference between withholding and withdrawing, when to withhold/withdraw, who should be involved in the decision-making process, what are the relevant legal precedents, etc. Cultural variations in attitude to such issues are perhaps expected between continents, but key differences also exist on a more local basis, for example, among the countries of Europe. Physicians need to be aware of the potential cultural differences in the attitudes not only of their colleagues, but also of their patients and families. Open discussion of these issues and some change in our attitude toward life and death are needed to enable such patients to have a pain-free, dignified death. |
9
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Breast Screening and Ethnic Minority Women: A literature review
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Raja-Jones, H.
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Br J Nurs, 8(19), 1284-1288
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Special pop. Women
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1999
Oct
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The incidence of breast cancer is reported to be low among ethnic minority women. However, the number of women diagnosed with breast cancer in this group is expected to rise over the next decade, as a result of changes in lifestyle and environmental factors. Despite the introduction of the NHS Breast Screening Program in 1988, the uptake of breast cancer screening services remains low among minority women. The main reasons identified for this low uptake are a lack of knowledge among women from the ethnic communities about screening services and a lack of referral/recommendations by healthcare professionals and physicians. Future initiatives need to target appropriate education strategies for healthcare professionals on the needs of ethnic groups, as for many women this will be their first point of contact within the screening program. |
10
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Immigrant Women and Their Health
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Aroian, K. J.
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Annual Review of Nursing Research, 19, 179-226
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Special pop. Women
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2001
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Immigrant women’s health is a relatively new research area. At the beginning of the 1990s, nurse scholars concluded that there was insufficient research on this topic. They recommended broadening the overly narrow research foci on immigrant woman’s childbearing and on select populations, developing national data bases, identifying high-risk groups and population-specific interventions. This chapter reviews 292 research articles published in journals during the 1990s about adult immigrant women’s health. It (1) summarizes research findings on topics that were the major foci of research conducted in the 1990s, (2) evaluates progress over the last decade in the research agenda proposed above, and (3) makes recommendations for research in the new millennium. |
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